Edward Gibbon je poznat po svom djelu “Historija opadanja i propasti Rimskog carstva”, objavljenom u šest tomova između 1776. i 1788. U ovom temeljnom djelu Gibbon je istražio razloge pada Rimskog carstva; temi o kojoj se stoljećima raspravljalo.
Gibbon je pripisao kolaps Rimskog Carstva nizu faktora, uključujući:
1. Postupni gubitak građanskih vrlina: Gibbon je vjerovao da su, kako je Rim postajao bogatiji, njegovi građani postajali sve više fokusirani na lični luksuz, a manje na dobrobit carstva.
2. Uticaj kršćanstva: Kontroverzno je tvrdio da je kršćanstvo igralo značajnu ulogu u padu potkopavanjem borilačkih vrlina Rima, promovisanjem pasivnog i pokornog stava.
3. Prekomjerno širenje carstva: Gibbon je istakao da je prostranstvo Rimskog carstva otežavalo djelotvorno upravljanje i odbranu.
4. Barbarske invazije: Nemilosrdne invazije i pritisci raznih barbarskih plemena identifikovani su kao direktni uzrok kolapsa.
5. Unutrašnja slabost: Također je naveo unutarašnju korupciju, birokratsku neefikasnost i nepredvidljivu vladavinu nekoliko nesposobnih careva kao faktore koji su doprinijeli.
Gibbonov rad je slavljen zbog sveobuhvatne analize, književnog stila i korištenja primarnih izvora. Međutim, kasniji su historičari raspravljali i revidirali njegova tumačenja, posebno u vezi uloge kršćanstva. Uprkos tome, “Opadanje i propast” ostaje temeljni tekst u proučavanju rimske historije i historije historiografije.
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/BCrvhKZTL7g
Izvor: Fb stranica Roman Empire
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